SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT EN MÉDICOS RESIDENTES DEL HOSPITAL DE CLÍNICAS EN LA PAZ - BOLIVIA
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Rev. Méd. La Paz
Abstract
El Síndrome de Burnout (SB) fue identificado por primera vez por Maslach y Jackson en los años 70, y es considerado un estado de sobrecarga por estrés laboral y emocional prolongado en el trabajo, caracterizado por tres dimensiones clave: agotamiento emocional, despersonalización, y sentido reducido de la realización personal. Los médicos residentes que padecen el síndrome de desgaste profesional reconocen que su labor asistencial está muy por debajo de los estándares de atención en comparación con la brindada por sus compañeros que no padecen el síndrome. El objetivo principal de la investigación fue identificar los 3 aspectos del Síndrome de Burnout en médicos residentes de último año del Hospital de Clínicas en las gestiones 2018 y 2019. En cuanto a los métodos, el material utilizado fue el cuestionario Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), realizándose la investigación mediante el llenado de este cuestionario por parte de los médicos residentes del estudio. El presente estudio es observacional, descriptivo, transversal, cuantitativo. Por los resultados obtenidos se puede evidenciar en la gestión 2018 que el área clínica tiene más riesgo de desarrollar el síndrome de Burnout, por encontrarse los valores en el cuestionario moderada para el agotamiento emocional y en la despersonalización, y bajo en la de realización personal, con relación al área quirúrgica en la gestión 2019 se puede evidenciar niveles elevados para la subescala de cansancio emocional, despersonalización y niveles bajos en el área de desrealización. Concluyendose que el personal de salud es susceptible al desarrollo de Síndrome de Burnout, lo cual influye en la vida pre profesional y profesional como tal, con bajo rendimiento por falta de motivación y agotamiento ante jornadas laborales extenuantes sin percepción de valoración o reconocimiento.
Burnout syndrome (BS) was first identified by Maslach and Jackson in the 1970s and is considered a state of prolonged work-related and emotional stress overload, characterized by three key dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a reduced sense of personal accomplishment. Resident physicians suffering from burnout syndrome recognize that their healthcare delivery falls far short of the standards of care provided by their colleagues who do not suffer from the syndrome. The main objective of this research was to identify the three aspects of burnout syndrome in final-year resident physicians at Hospital de Clínicas during the 2018 and 2019 academic years. Regarding the methods, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was used, and the research was conducted by having the resident physicians complete this questionnaire. This study is observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, and quantitative. Based on the results obtained, it can be seen in the 2018 management that the clinical area has a higher risk of developing Burnout syndrome, due to the moderate values in the questionnaire for emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, and low in personal accomplishment, in relation to the surgical area in the 2019 management, high levels can be seen for the emotional exhaustion subscale, depersonalization and low levels in the derealization area. Concluding that health personnel are susceptible to the development of Burnout Syndrome, which influences pre-professional and professional life as such, with low performance due to lack of motivation and exhaustion in the face of exhausting workdays without perception of appreciation or recognition.
Burnout syndrome (BS) was first identified by Maslach and Jackson in the 1970s and is considered a state of prolonged work-related and emotional stress overload, characterized by three key dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a reduced sense of personal accomplishment. Resident physicians suffering from burnout syndrome recognize that their healthcare delivery falls far short of the standards of care provided by their colleagues who do not suffer from the syndrome. The main objective of this research was to identify the three aspects of burnout syndrome in final-year resident physicians at Hospital de Clínicas during the 2018 and 2019 academic years. Regarding the methods, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was used, and the research was conducted by having the resident physicians complete this questionnaire. This study is observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, and quantitative. Based on the results obtained, it can be seen in the 2018 management that the clinical area has a higher risk of developing Burnout syndrome, due to the moderate values in the questionnaire for emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, and low in personal accomplishment, in relation to the surgical area in the 2019 management, high levels can be seen for the emotional exhaustion subscale, depersonalization and low levels in the derealization area. Concluding that health personnel are susceptible to the development of Burnout Syndrome, which influences pre-professional and professional life as such, with low performance due to lack of motivation and exhaustion in the face of exhausting workdays without perception of appreciation or recognition.
Description
Vol. 31, No. 1