La ideación suicida en adolescentes
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Vive Rev. Salud
Abstract
El suicidio representa un grave problema de salud pública, frecuentemente ignorado y rodeado de estigmas, mitos y tabúes que dificultan su abordaje efectivo. Este artículo se propuso identificar los factores relacionados con la ideación suicida en adolescentes, con el fin de aportar evidencia para la implementación de estrategias preventivas. La investigación se llevó a cabo en la Institución Educativa Secundaria Agroindustrial de Nicasio, región de Puno, con una muestra de 212 estudiantes adolescentes, cuyo promedio de edad fue 15,48 ± 1,45 años. Se utilizó un diseño transversal descriptivo-correlacional durante los meses de septiembre y octubre de 2025. Los resultados evidenciaron una correlación moderada y significativa entre la ideación suicida y tres variables psicológicas clave: estrés (rho = 0,483; P<0.01), depresión (rho = 0,513; P<0.01) y ansiedad (rho = 0,392; P<0.01). Esta asociación indica que elevados niveles de estrés, depresión y ansiedad incrementan considerablemente el riesgo de presentar pensamientos suicidas en este grupo poblacional. Por tanto, se destaca la relevancia de abordar estos trastornos emocionales para prevenir el suicidio en adolescentes. Los hallazgos subrayan la necesidad urgente de desarrollar e implementar programas de intervención psicosocial que promuevan la salud mental dentro del ámbito educativo, con enfoque preventivo y de apoyo psicológico. De esta forma, se podrían reducir los factores de riesgo y ofrecer a los estudiantes herramientas para afrontar las dificultades emocionales de manera saludable, contribuyendo así a disminuir la incidencia de la ideación suicida.
Suicide represents a serious public health problem that is often ignored and surrounded by stigma, myths, and taboos that hinder effective intervention. This article sought to identify factors related to suicidal ideation in adolescents in order to provide evidence for the implementation of preventive strategies. The research was conducted at the Agroindustrial Secondary Educational Institution of Nicasio, in the Puno region, with a sample of 212 adolescent students, whose average age was 15.48 ± 1.45 years. A descriptive-correlational cross-sectional design was used during the months of September and October 2025. The results showed a moderate and significant correlation between suicidal ideation and three key psychological variables: stress (rho = 0.4833; P<0.01), depression (rho = 0.513; P<0.01), and anxiety (rho = 0.392; P<0.01). This association indicates that high levels of stress, depression, and anxiety significantly increase the risk of suicidal thoughts in this population group. Therefore, the importance of addressing these emotional disorders to prevent suicide in adolescents is highlighted. The findings underscore the urgent need to develop and implement psychosocial intervention programs that promote mental health within the educational setting, with a focus on prevention and psychological support. This could reduce risk factors and provide students with tools to cope with emotional difficulties in a healthy way, thereby helping to reduce the incidence of suicidal ideation.
Suicide represents a serious public health problem that is often ignored and surrounded by stigma, myths, and taboos that hinder effective intervention. This article sought to identify factors related to suicidal ideation in adolescents in order to provide evidence for the implementation of preventive strategies. The research was conducted at the Agroindustrial Secondary Educational Institution of Nicasio, in the Puno region, with a sample of 212 adolescent students, whose average age was 15.48 ± 1.45 years. A descriptive-correlational cross-sectional design was used during the months of September and October 2025. The results showed a moderate and significant correlation between suicidal ideation and three key psychological variables: stress (rho = 0.4833; P<0.01), depression (rho = 0.513; P<0.01), and anxiety (rho = 0.392; P<0.01). This association indicates that high levels of stress, depression, and anxiety significantly increase the risk of suicidal thoughts in this population group. Therefore, the importance of addressing these emotional disorders to prevent suicide in adolescents is highlighted. The findings underscore the urgent need to develop and implement psychosocial intervention programs that promote mental health within the educational setting, with a focus on prevention and psychological support. This could reduce risk factors and provide students with tools to cope with emotional difficulties in a healthy way, thereby helping to reduce the incidence of suicidal ideation.
Description
Vol. 8, No. 24