Trichoderma sp. endófito y microorganismos eficaces en el control de kcona kcona (Eurysacca sp.) y mejora del rendimiento de Chenopodium quinoa
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Rev. Inv. Cs. Agro. y Vet.
Abstract
RESUMEN: El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar la influencia de cepas nativas de Trichoderma sp. endófito y Microorganismos Eficaces (EM-1) en la incidencia de Kcona Kcona (Eurysacca sp.) y el rendimiento del cultivo de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) variedad Salcedo INIA. La investigación se desarrolló durante la Campaña Agrícola 2016-2017, en el CIP Camacani de la Universidad Nacional del Altiplano Puno. Se realizaron aplicaciones foliares de cuatro cepas de Trichoderma sp. endófito (Cepa 1, 2 y 3: Cepas nativas de tallos de quinua y rizosfera, Cepa 4: Tallo de cacao) en una concentración de 1x107ufc.ml-1, un producto comercial de Microorganismos Eficaces (EM-1) en concentraciones de 5%, 10% y 15% y un producto químico (Karate) durante las fases fenológicas de floración, grano lechoso, grano pastoso y madurez fisiológica. La menor incidencia se registró en el tratamiento T10 (Testigo relativo: Tratamiento químico - Karate) seguido por el tratamiento T6 (EM-1 10%), y la mayor incidencia de larvas de Eurysaca sp. "Kcona Kcona", se registró en el tratamiento T9 (Testigo absoluto: sin tratamiento), seguido por el tratamiento T3 (Trichoderma sp. Cepa 3: UNA-TE-R-2). El mayor rendimiento se obtuvo en el tratamiento T6 (EM-1 10%) con un promedio de 3,871.70 kg/ha-1, seguido por el tratamiento T4 (Trichoderma sp. Cepa 4: SG-TE-126) con un rendimiento de 3,697.00 kg/ha-1. El menor rendimiento se obtuvo en el TratamientoT9 (Testigo absoluto: Sin tratamiento) con 2,261 kg/ha-1, seguido del Tratamiento T3 (Trichoderma sp. Cepa 3: UNA-TE-R-2) con 2,262.87 kg/ha-1, respectivamente.
ABSTRACT: The objective of the present investigation was to determine the influence of native strains of Trichoderma sp. Endophyte and Efficient Microorganisms (EM-1) in the incidence of Kcona Kcona (Eurysacca sp.) and the yield of the quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) variety Salcedo INIA. The research was developed during the Agricultural Campaign 2016-2017, at the CIP Camacani of the National University of the Altiplano of Puno. Foliar applications of four strains of Trichoderma sp. endophyte (Strain 1, 2 and 3: native strains of quinoa stem and rhizosphere, Strain 4: cocoa stem) in a concentration of 1x107ufc.ml-1, a commercial product of Effective Microorganisms (EM-1) in concentrations of 5 %, 10% and 15% and a chemical product (Karate) during the phenological phases of flowering, milky grain, pasty grain and physiological maturity. The lowest incidence was recorded in treatment T10 (Relative control: Chemical treatment - Karate) followed by treatment T6 (EM-1 10%), and the highest incidence of Eurysaca sp. "Kcona Kcona" was recorded in treatment T9 (absolute control: no treatment), followed by treatment T3 (Trichoderma sp. Strain 3: UNA-TE-R-2). The highest yield was obtained in treatment T6 (EM-1 10%) with an average of 3,871.70 kg / ha, followed by treatment T4 (Trichoderma sp. Strain 4: SG-TE-126) with a yield of 3,697.00 kg / he has. The lowest yield was obtained in Treatment T9 (absolute control: No treatment) with 2,261 kg / ha, followed by Treatment T3 (Trichoderma sp. Strain 3: UNA-TE-R-2) with 2,262.87 kg / ha, respectively.
ABSTRACT: The objective of the present investigation was to determine the influence of native strains of Trichoderma sp. Endophyte and Efficient Microorganisms (EM-1) in the incidence of Kcona Kcona (Eurysacca sp.) and the yield of the quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) variety Salcedo INIA. The research was developed during the Agricultural Campaign 2016-2017, at the CIP Camacani of the National University of the Altiplano of Puno. Foliar applications of four strains of Trichoderma sp. endophyte (Strain 1, 2 and 3: native strains of quinoa stem and rhizosphere, Strain 4: cocoa stem) in a concentration of 1x107ufc.ml-1, a commercial product of Effective Microorganisms (EM-1) in concentrations of 5 %, 10% and 15% and a chemical product (Karate) during the phenological phases of flowering, milky grain, pasty grain and physiological maturity. The lowest incidence was recorded in treatment T10 (Relative control: Chemical treatment - Karate) followed by treatment T6 (EM-1 10%), and the highest incidence of Eurysaca sp. "Kcona Kcona" was recorded in treatment T9 (absolute control: no treatment), followed by treatment T3 (Trichoderma sp. Strain 3: UNA-TE-R-2). The highest yield was obtained in treatment T6 (EM-1 10%) with an average of 3,871.70 kg / ha, followed by treatment T4 (Trichoderma sp. Strain 4: SG-TE-126) with a yield of 3,697.00 kg / he has. The lowest yield was obtained in Treatment T9 (absolute control: No treatment) with 2,261 kg / ha, followed by Treatment T3 (Trichoderma sp. Strain 3: UNA-TE-R-2) with 2,262.87 kg / ha, respectively.
Description
Vol. 5, No. 14