CONSECUENCIAS DE LAS RESTRICCIONES ASUMIDAS DURANTE LA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 EN LA PREVENCIÓN DE CÁNCER DE CUELLO UTERINO
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Rev. Méd. La Paz
Abstract
INTRODUCCIÓN: El cáncer cervicouterino puede prevenirse mediante programas diseñados para identificar y tratar las lesiones pre-cancerosas evitando su progresión, con medidas de prevención primaria a través de la vacunación contra el VPH y la toma de muestra de Papanicolaou en mujeres como prevención secundaria. OBJETIVO: Identificar las consecuencias de las restricciones asumidas durante la pandemia de covid-19 en las coberturas de tamizaje y vacunación para la prevención de cáncer de cuello uterino durante la gestión 2020 comparado con la gestión 2019 en el Centro de Salud Materno Infantil Pampahasi Bajo de la ciudad de La Paz. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio transversal, cuantitativo, descriptivo estudiándose desde marzo de las gestiones 2019 y 2020: 219 niñas que recibieron las dosis de vacuna contra el VPH y 506 mujeres que se realizaron la prueba de Papanicolaou. RESULTADOS: La diferencia porcentual del número de primeras dosis VPH entre la gestión 2019 y gestión 2020 es de un 57% y en las segundas dosis VPH es de un 93%. Con respecto a la prueba de Papanicolaou la diferencia porcentual entre ambas gestiones es de 37%. CONCLUSIONES: La Pandemia de COVID-19 se constituye en un punto de inflexión, pues a partir de las medidas de restricción establecidas para evitar su propagación el sistema de salud se adecuó centrando su principal labor en la contención de este virus dejando de lado la atención regular en los programas públicos de tamizaje y de prevención de cáncer cervicouterino.
Introduction: Cervical cáncer is preventable through programs designed to identify and treatprecancerous lesions, thereby avoiding their progression. Primary prevention includes vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV), while secondary prevention involves Papapanocolaou smear testing in women. Objective: To identify the consequences of the restrictions imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic on screening and vaccination coverage for cervical cancer prevention in 2020 compared to 2019 at the Pampahasi Bajo Maternal and Child Health Center in La Paz, Bolivia. Methodology: A cross-sectional, quantitative, and descriptive study was conducted, analyzing data from March of 2019 and 2020. A total of 219 girls who received HPV vaccine doses and 506 women who underwent Pap smear testing were studied. Results: The percentage decrease in first-dose HPV vaccinations between 2019 and 2020 was 57%, and for second doses, 93%. Regarding Pap smear testing, the percentage difference between the two years was 37%. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic marked a turning point, as health system efforts were redirected toward virus containment due to restriction measures. This shift significantly impacted routine care, particularly public cervical cancer screening and prevention programs.
Introduction: Cervical cáncer is preventable through programs designed to identify and treatprecancerous lesions, thereby avoiding their progression. Primary prevention includes vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV), while secondary prevention involves Papapanocolaou smear testing in women. Objective: To identify the consequences of the restrictions imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic on screening and vaccination coverage for cervical cancer prevention in 2020 compared to 2019 at the Pampahasi Bajo Maternal and Child Health Center in La Paz, Bolivia. Methodology: A cross-sectional, quantitative, and descriptive study was conducted, analyzing data from March of 2019 and 2020. A total of 219 girls who received HPV vaccine doses and 506 women who underwent Pap smear testing were studied. Results: The percentage decrease in first-dose HPV vaccinations between 2019 and 2020 was 57%, and for second doses, 93%. Regarding Pap smear testing, the percentage difference between the two years was 37%. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic marked a turning point, as health system efforts were redirected toward virus containment due to restriction measures. This shift significantly impacted routine care, particularly public cervical cancer screening and prevention programs.
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Vol. 31, No. 1