Bolivia: perspectivas económicas 2005-2014
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rlde
Abstract
Dadas las características de la economía boliviana: pequeña, muy abierta al comercio exterior, con un sector público muy grande y con tasas de ocupación interna muy bajas, las proyecciones de los escenarios (optimista y pesimista) para los años 2005 a 2014 requieren incorporar algunas hipótesis respecto a la inversión extranjera, la participación del gobierno en la economía, la política monetaria y cambiaría, y los precios internacionales, entre otros. El deterioro del cuadro político interno y el incremento de los conflictos sociales perjudicaron al país de dos maneras: una contracción en el financiamiento externo para cubrir el elevado déficit fiscal y una caída en el flujo de la inversión extranjera directa, recursos necesarios para el desarrollo de los sectores relacionados a la exploración de recursos naturales (hidrocarburos) que garantizarían un crecimiento sostenible y menos dependiente de shocks externos en los próximos años. Para cada escenario se proyectaron las principales variables macroeconómicas y financieras, dando como resultado importante que el PIB en el escenario favorable solamente crece 3 por ciento y en el pesimista se reduce en 2.4 por ciento.
Following the features of the Bolivian economy: small and widely open to the international markets, with a vast public sector and high unemployment rates; the forecasting of two economic scenarios (optimistic and pessimistic) for the period 2005-2014, includes specific hypotheses about the Foreign Direct Investment, Government Size, Monetary and Exchange Rate Policies and International Commodity Prices behavior. The crisis within the Bolivian political schemes and the increased social unrest episodes, constituted a hindrance to the country's economy in two ways: a narrowing of foreign financing in order to balance the public sector deficit and, a reduction of foreign direct investment; both of them are necessary sources for the development of natural resources' exploration (hydrocarbons) which will help to guarantee a sustainable growth and a self insurance against foreign economic shocks. For each scenario, there were forecasted the main macroeconomic and financial variables, and the paper findings points out to an economic growth of 3 and 2.4 per cent in the optimistic and pessimistic scenarios respectively.
Following the features of the Bolivian economy: small and widely open to the international markets, with a vast public sector and high unemployment rates; the forecasting of two economic scenarios (optimistic and pessimistic) for the period 2005-2014, includes specific hypotheses about the Foreign Direct Investment, Government Size, Monetary and Exchange Rate Policies and International Commodity Prices behavior. The crisis within the Bolivian political schemes and the increased social unrest episodes, constituted a hindrance to the country's economy in two ways: a narrowing of foreign financing in order to balance the public sector deficit and, a reduction of foreign direct investment; both of them are necessary sources for the development of natural resources' exploration (hydrocarbons) which will help to guarantee a sustainable growth and a self insurance against foreign economic shocks. For each scenario, there were forecasted the main macroeconomic and financial variables, and the paper findings points out to an economic growth of 3 and 2.4 per cent in the optimistic and pessimistic scenarios respectively.
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No. 5