Eco‐Geographical Variation in Craniofacial Size and Shape, With Emphasis in Cold Adaptation, Through a 3D Approach

Abstract

Notable craniofacial similarities associated with extreme cold adaptation, including increased prognathism, prominent glabellar and supraciliary regions, lateral zygomatic expansion, enlarged nasal cavity and orbits, and elongated, flattened braincase, despite genetic differences. However, the Norse sample presents a deviation from expected patterns, exhibiting smaller sizes despite inhabiting a cold region.