Utilidad del tiempo de protrombina y el tiempo parcial de tromboplastina activada en la valoración preoperatoria de la hemostasia en pediatría
Date
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Gac Med Bol
Abstract
Para evaluar la hemostasia preoperatoriamente una historia clínica y examen físico dirigidos están indicados, siendo el uso de pruebas de coagulación recomendados solo cuando existe alguna indicación, y no de rutina. Objetivo: el presente estudio pretende conocer la utilidad del TP y APTT en la valoración preoperatorio de coagulopatías en cirugías programadas menores y ambulatorias. Métodos: se realizó un estudio prospectivo, observacional en un hospital quirúrgico terciario; seleccionamos pacientes sometidos a procedimientos menores y ambulatorio, excluyendo aquellos con comorbilidades, riesgo quirúrgico de sangrado alto o con medicación que interfiera con la coagulación. Resultados: se reclutaron 69 pacientes, se aplicó la historia clínica y el examen físico dirigido identificando 1 paciente sospechoso de trastorno de coagulación (posteriormente descartado); Se realizaron 218 exámenes complementarios: 69 rutinarios (TP, APTT, hemograma) y 149 no rutinarios (Indicados de forma arbitraria), obteniendo valores medios en rangos normales y no pudiendo identificar o descartar trastornos de coagulación con ellos, pero observando un 21% (15 casos) resultados anormales, lo que adicionalmente ocasiono conductas para confirmar o corregir estos valores, que van desde repetir la prueba a transfundir hemoderivados; generando un costo promedio global de 102 Bs. por paciente, sin un beneficio o cambio en la conducta clínica o quirúrgica. Conclusión: el estudio estableció que las pruebas rutinarias de screening preoperatorio tienen poca utilidad y son poco costo-beneficiosas en la valoración de la hemostasia para procedimientos menores o ambulatorios, en comparación de una historia clínica y examen físico dirigido; siendo apropiada su indicación cuando existan hallazgos anormales en el examen físico e historia clínica o en base a enfermedades concomitantes.
To evaluate hemostasis preoperatively, a directed clinical history and physical examination are indicated, and the use of routine coagulation being recommended when there is some indication, and not routine; Objective: the present study aims to know the usefulness of PT and APTT in the preoperative assessment of coagulopathies in scheduled minor and outpatient surgeries. Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted in a tertiary surgical hospital; We select patients undergoing minor and outpatient procedures, excluding those with comorbidities, surgical risk of high bleeding, or with medication that interferes with coagulation. Results: 69 patients were recruited, the clinical history and the directed physical examination were applied, identifying 1 patient suspected of coagulation disorder (later discarded); 218 complementary tests were performed: 69 routine (PT, APTT, blood count) and 149 non-routine (arbitrarily indicated), obtaining mean values in normal ranges and not being able to identify or rule out coagulation disorders with them, but observing 21% ( 15 cases) abnormal results (false positives), which additionally led to behaviors to confirm or correct these values, ranging from repeating the test to transfusing blood products; generating a global average cost of 102 Bs. per patient, without a benefit or change in clinical or surgical behavior. Conclusion: the study established that routine preoperative screening tests have little utility and are little cost-beneficial in the assessment of the hemostasis for minor or outpatient procedures, compared to a history and directed physical examination; its indication being appropriate when there are abnormal findings in the physical examination and clinical history or based on concomitant diseases
To evaluate hemostasis preoperatively, a directed clinical history and physical examination are indicated, and the use of routine coagulation being recommended when there is some indication, and not routine; Objective: the present study aims to know the usefulness of PT and APTT in the preoperative assessment of coagulopathies in scheduled minor and outpatient surgeries. Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted in a tertiary surgical hospital; We select patients undergoing minor and outpatient procedures, excluding those with comorbidities, surgical risk of high bleeding, or with medication that interferes with coagulation. Results: 69 patients were recruited, the clinical history and the directed physical examination were applied, identifying 1 patient suspected of coagulation disorder (later discarded); 218 complementary tests were performed: 69 routine (PT, APTT, blood count) and 149 non-routine (arbitrarily indicated), obtaining mean values in normal ranges and not being able to identify or rule out coagulation disorders with them, but observing 21% ( 15 cases) abnormal results (false positives), which additionally led to behaviors to confirm or correct these values, ranging from repeating the test to transfusing blood products; generating a global average cost of 102 Bs. per patient, without a benefit or change in clinical or surgical behavior. Conclusion: the study established that routine preoperative screening tests have little utility and are little cost-beneficial in the assessment of the hemostasis for minor or outpatient procedures, compared to a history and directed physical examination; its indication being appropriate when there are abnormal findings in the physical examination and clinical history or based on concomitant diseases
Description
Vol. 43, No. 2