Caracterización de las infecciones respiratorias por virus sincitial respiratorio en un hospital de Colombia
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Rev. Inv. Inf. Sal.
Abstract
Introducción: El virus sincitial respiratorio humano (VSR) es el más frecuente en las epidemias infecciosas respiratorias. Afecta principalmente a niños menores de 5 años, y la mortalidad oscila entre el 0,5% y el 1,5% de los pacientes hospitalizados; el objetivo fue evaluar la circulación de VSR durante los años 2022 a 2024 mediante la descripción de casos confirmados en pacientes ingresados en un hospital de referencia. Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo y transversal de pacientes con síntomas respiratorios que fueron tratados entre 2022 hasta los 6 primeros meses de 2024 y dieron positivo para VRS. Resultados: De 1246 pruebas realizadas de panel viral [filmArray], se obtuvieron 253 muestras positivas para VSR, identificando una prevalencia de 20,3% para VRS; la mayor frecuencia se presentó en el sexo masculino con el 56,1%; así mismo, el grupo de edad más afectado fue de 0 a 5 años. Del total de los casos, el año con mayor notificación fue 2022, con un promedio de 66,40% entre los meses de julio a septiembre. La tasa de mortalidad de este estudio fue de 0.40%. Discusión: En la región de la Orinoquia, las temporadas de mayor intensidad de lluvias se presentan durante los meses de abril a agosto, así mismo. Antes de la pandemia, el VSR presentaba picos respiratorios superiores. Sin embargo, después de la pandemia se ha evidenciado una disminución considerable. Esto puede deberse a las buenas prácticas de higiene de manos que dejó como enseñanza la pandemia por COVID-19.
Introduction: Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common respiratory infectious agent in epidemics. It primarily affects children under 5 years of age, and mortality ranges from 0.5% to 1.5% of hospitalized patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate RSV circulation from 2022 to 2024 by describing confirmed cases in patients admitted to a referral hospital. Materials and methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted on patients with respiratory symptoms who were treated between 2022 and the first six months of 2024 and tested positive for RSV Results: Of 1246 viral panel tests [filmArray], 253 samples were positive for RSV, identifying a prevalence of 20.3%. The highest frequency was observed in males (56.1%), and the most affected age group was 0 to 5 years. Of all cases, 2022 had the highest number of reported cases, with an average of 66.40% occurring between July and September. The mortality rate in this study was 0.40%. Discussion: In the Orinoquia region, the rainy seasons occur from April to August. Before the pandemic, RSV cases were peaking in upper respiratory infections. However, a considerable decrease has been observed since the pandemic. This may be due to the improved hand hygiene practices implemented as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Introduction: Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common respiratory infectious agent in epidemics. It primarily affects children under 5 years of age, and mortality ranges from 0.5% to 1.5% of hospitalized patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate RSV circulation from 2022 to 2024 by describing confirmed cases in patients admitted to a referral hospital. Materials and methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted on patients with respiratory symptoms who were treated between 2022 and the first six months of 2024 and tested positive for RSV Results: Of 1246 viral panel tests [filmArray], 253 samples were positive for RSV, identifying a prevalence of 20.3%. The highest frequency was observed in males (56.1%), and the most affected age group was 0 to 5 years. Of all cases, 2022 had the highest number of reported cases, with an average of 66.40% occurring between July and September. The mortality rate in this study was 0.40%. Discussion: In the Orinoquia region, the rainy seasons occur from April to August. Before the pandemic, RSV cases were peaking in upper respiratory infections. However, a considerable decrease has been observed since the pandemic. This may be due to the improved hand hygiene practices implemented as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Description
Vol. 20, No. 49