Exploring Nurses’ Understanding of Sternal Wound Infections

Abstract

Sternal wound infections (SWIs) are a serious risk following medial sternotomy, occurring in 3-8% of cases. Despite stringent infection control measures, these infections can lead to extended hospital stays and frequent readmissions. Early SWI detection is essential, underscoring the need for nurses to understand SWI risk factors and management. To evaluate knowledge of SWIs, including associated risk factors and evidence-based management practices, among nurses with varying levels of experience in a cardiothoracic step-down unit (CTSDU). An anonymous survey, including case-based questions and open-ended responses, was distributed to CTSDU nurses from April to May 2023. Nurses were grouped based on experience (≤3 years or ≥4 years), and data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Out of 61 nurses, 33 completed the survey. Correct SWI risk identification rates were 77%, 21%, and 46%, while correct identification of individual risk factors was 63%, 54%, and 62% across 3 case studies. Cohen's d values were 0.809, 0.296, and 0.07. No significant confidence difference was found between experience levels (P = 0.065). Variability in SWI knowledge across experience levels highlights the need for standardized training to enhance SWI detection and patient outcomes.