La izquierda ecuatoriana en la era posterior a la caída del Muro de Berlín (1989-2018): El partido-movimiento y el populismo de izquierda

Abstract

The Ecuadorian left after the fall of the Berlin Wall turned to exist mainly around two strategies and initiatives. On the one hand a movement party around CONAIE and new social movements with the MUPP. On the other with “left populism” which consisted on the promotion of a charismatic personality for presidential elections which will be able to implement a redistributist government non-aligned with US hegemony. MUPP made possible a renewal of the Ecuadorian left but the strategy of left-populism produced electoral successes in presidential elections. The experiences with the presidencies of Lucio Gutierrez, Rafael Correa and Lenin Moreno showed the potentialities and risks of the second strategy. Clearly the strategy of left-populism was not simply a voluntary choice but possibly the only option of access to government for the Ecuadorian left in those decades.