Factores dentales y protésicos relacionados con la enfermedad periodontal

Abstract

This work aims to conduct a review of dental and prosthetic factors related to periodontal diseases. According to scientific evidence, the location of restoration margins within the junction epithelium and the insertion of supracrestal connective tissue may be associated with gingival inflammation and a potential recession. On the other hand, the anatomical factors of the tooth, root anomalies and fractures can act as retentive factors of dental biofilm that increase the probability of gingival or periodontal diseases. In conclusion, although the etiology of periodontal disease is mainly bacterial, the factors that promote the accumulation of dental biofilm or allow the entry of bacteria into the periodontium should be considered in the classification and diagnosis of periodontal diseases. Several factors related to tooth / root anatomy and restorative considerations have been associated with gingival inflammation, insertion loss and bone loss. However, the evidence especially related to the biological mechanisms by which these factors affect the periodontium are inconclusive. This highlights the need for additional studies and adequate periodontal evaluation.