Variación altitudinal de la riqueza y abundancia relativa de los anuros del Parque Nacional y Área Natural de Manejo Integrado Cotapata
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Ecología en Bolivia
Abstract
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar cómo varía la riqueza y abundancia relativa de los anuros del Parque Nacional y Área Natural de Manejo Integrado Cotapata (PNANMI-Cotapata) en una gradiente altitudinal (en cinco pisos). Los resultados aportan 20 nuevos registros para el área protegida, de tal manera que la riqueza del parque se ve incrementada a 27 especies (976 horas/ hombre), de las cuales cuatro pueden constituirse en nuevos registros para el país, ocho son endémicas de Bolivia y 21 se encuentran bajo alguna categoría de amenaza (UICN 2004). Se observó un incremento de la riqueza conforme se desciende altitudinalmente (dos especies en el sub nival, tres en el altoandino, seis en el páramo, siete en el bosque nublado y 17 en bosque montano de Yungas). Esto puede deberse a diferentes factores, entre los más importantes para anfibios tenemos la temperatura y la humedad que varían incluso en cortas distancias, similar a lo que sucede en gradientes latitudinales. Inversamente la abundancia relativa se ve incrementada al ascender altitudinalmente, probablemente por la mayor disponibilidad de macro y micro ambientes.
The present study had the objective to determine how richness and relative abundance of anurans in the Cotapata National Park and Natural Area of Integrated Management (PNANMI-Cotapata) varies in an altitudinal gradient (five ecoregions). The results contribute with 20 new records for the protected area, increasing the richness of the Park up to 27 species (976 hours/man), of which four are new records for the country, eight are endemic, and 21 are included in some threat category (UICN 2004). An increment of the richness while descending along the altitudinal gradient was observed (two species in the sub nival, three in the high Andes, six in the parame, seven in the cloud forest and 17 in montane Yungas forest). This could be due to different factors, among those most important to amphibians are temperature and humidity, which vary even at short distances, similar to what happens along latitudinal gradients. On the contrary, there is an increase in relative abundance when ascending on the elevation gradient, probably due to a higher availability of macro and micro environments.
The present study had the objective to determine how richness and relative abundance of anurans in the Cotapata National Park and Natural Area of Integrated Management (PNANMI-Cotapata) varies in an altitudinal gradient (five ecoregions). The results contribute with 20 new records for the protected area, increasing the richness of the Park up to 27 species (976 hours/man), of which four are new records for the country, eight are endemic, and 21 are included in some threat category (UICN 2004). An increment of the richness while descending along the altitudinal gradient was observed (two species in the sub nival, three in the high Andes, six in the parame, seven in the cloud forest and 17 in montane Yungas forest). This could be due to different factors, among those most important to amphibians are temperature and humidity, which vary even at short distances, similar to what happens along latitudinal gradients. On the contrary, there is an increase in relative abundance when ascending on the elevation gradient, probably due to a higher availability of macro and micro environments.
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Vol. 41, No. 1