Vigilancia de Dióxido de Azufre y Dióxido de Nitrógeno en la Estación de Centro Habana. 2001-2003
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RevActaNova.
Abstract
Estudios previos han reportado altas concentraciones de contaminantes atmosféricos en Centro Habana, asociadas a un mayor riesgo de enfermedades respiratorias y alérgicas. Con el objetivo de describir la contaminación atmosférica en Centro Habana y sus posibles riesgos para la salud, se realizó un estudio descriptivo del comportamiento de las concentraciones diarias de dióxido de azufre (SO2), dióxido de nitrógeno (NO2) e índice de acidez en el periodo de octubre del 2001 a octubre del 2003. Las bases de datos fueron confeccionadas en dBase y EXCEL y procesadas mediante Epi Info v. 2.6 y SPSS v. X. El análisis estadístico incluyó valores de tendencia central, porcentajes de trasgresión de las concentraciones máximas admisibles (CMA), valores máximos y percentiles 25, 75 y 95. Se evaluó la correlación entre contaminantes mediante el coeficiente rho de Spearman. Se construyeron modelos de regresión lineal múltiple para cada contaminante y las variables meteorológicas seleccionadas. Las concentraciones medias diarias de acidez, SO2 y NO2 resultaron inferiores a las CMA. Se observaron correlaciones directas moderadas entre todos los contaminantes, más fuerte entre el SO2 y la acidez.
Previous studies have reported high concentrations of atmospheric pollutants in the Municipality of Centro Habana, Havana city, associated with a high risk of respiratory and allergic diseases. A descriptive study was carried out to describe the atmospheric contamination in Centro Habana from October 2001 to October 2003. The study includes the daily concentrations of dioxide of sulfur (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and acidity index. The statistical analysis includes the central trend, percentages of transgression of the acceptable maximum concentrations (CMA), maxima value and percentiles 25, 75 and 95. The correlation was evaluated among pollutants by means of the coefficient rho of Spearman. Models of multiple lineal regression were built for each pollutant and the selected meteorological variables. The middle concentrations daily of acidity, SO2 and NO2 were inferior to the CMA. Moderate direct correlations were observed among all the pollutants, stronger between the SO2 and the acidity.
Previous studies have reported high concentrations of atmospheric pollutants in the Municipality of Centro Habana, Havana city, associated with a high risk of respiratory and allergic diseases. A descriptive study was carried out to describe the atmospheric contamination in Centro Habana from October 2001 to October 2003. The study includes the daily concentrations of dioxide of sulfur (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and acidity index. The statistical analysis includes the central trend, percentages of transgression of the acceptable maximum concentrations (CMA), maxima value and percentiles 25, 75 and 95. The correlation was evaluated among pollutants by means of the coefficient rho of Spearman. Models of multiple lineal regression were built for each pollutant and the selected meteorological variables. The middle concentrations daily of acidity, SO2 and NO2 were inferior to the CMA. Moderate direct correlations were observed among all the pollutants, stronger between the SO2 and the acidity.
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Vol. 3, No. 2