DISCRIMINACIÓN SALARIAL POR GÉNERO: ANÁLISIS DE LAS EMPRESAS DEL SECTOR PRIVADO EN EL EJE CENTRAL DE BOLIVIA
Date
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Inv. y Des.
Abstract
En el trabajo de investigación se analiza la existencia de discriminación salarial por género en los departamentos del eje central de Bolivia y en las pequeñas, medianas y grandes empresas del área urbana; el estudio se sustenta en la teoría del capital humano de Becker [1], aplicándose la metodología de Oaxaca-Blinder [2], para la descomposición salarial de hombres y mujeres. Se comprueba que en el eje central del país existe discriminación salarial por género, donde la mujer percibe 17 % menos de salario que los hombres pese a contar con las mismas características. En el análisis por departamento, en La Paz se estimó 20.2% menos de salario, seguido de Santa Cruz con 15.3% y Cochabamba 14.7% respectivamente. Se demostró con un 19% que en las pequeñas empresas existe un mayor grado de discriminación salarial ,13% en las medianas empresas y 11% en las grandes empresas, tomando en cuenta la media de los individuos tanto para hombres como para mujeres.
This investigative work analyzes the existence of wage discrimation by gender in the three main Departments of Bolivia and in the small, medium and large urban companies. The study is based upon the theory of the human capital by Becker [1] and it applies the Oaxaca-Blinder [2] methodology for the comparison of salaries between men and women. It has been proven that there is actual wage discrimation in the three main cities as women's salaries are 17% lower than men´s despite having the same job descriptions. In a more in-depth analysis by department, women's wages are 20.2% lower in La Paz, followed by Santa Cruz where women's wages are 15.3% lower and in Cochabamba where women's wages are 14.7% lower. It has been further shown that there is a higher degree of discrimination in smaller enterprises, where salaries are 19% lower, followed by medium enterprises with wages being lower by 13% as opposed to large companies where women´s salaries are 11% lower compared to the median of salaries for men and women.
This investigative work analyzes the existence of wage discrimation by gender in the three main Departments of Bolivia and in the small, medium and large urban companies. The study is based upon the theory of the human capital by Becker [1] and it applies the Oaxaca-Blinder [2] methodology for the comparison of salaries between men and women. It has been proven that there is actual wage discrimation in the three main cities as women's salaries are 17% lower than men´s despite having the same job descriptions. In a more in-depth analysis by department, women's wages are 20.2% lower in La Paz, followed by Santa Cruz where women's wages are 15.3% lower and in Cochabamba where women's wages are 14.7% lower. It has been further shown that there is a higher degree of discrimination in smaller enterprises, where salaries are 19% lower, followed by medium enterprises with wages being lower by 13% as opposed to large companies where women´s salaries are 11% lower compared to the median of salaries for men and women.
Description
Vol. 20, No. 2