Causas, efectos y prevención del bullying escolar en niños y adolescentes
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Horizontes Rev. Inv. Cs. Edu.
Abstract
El bullying es frecuente entre estudiantes; permanece vigente en las instituciones educativas y es de las peores experiencias a las que se pueden enfrentar. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio es analizar los tipos, causas, efectos y métodos de prevención del bullying en niños y adolescentes, Se trabajó bajo el paradigma cualitativo, método fenomenológico y técnica de revisión documental. En los resultados se exponen los tipos de bullying, sus causas, efectos y métodos prevención de acuerdo a los autores seleccionados. Se concluye que las víctimas y victimarios tienen antecedentes familiares que están asociados a factores como padres autoritarios, sobreprotectores, presencia de violencia doméstica y/o falta de comunicación. Asimismo, se evidenció que es una problemática difícil de detectar, sus víctimas tienden al fracaso escolar y al desarrollo de trastornos de salud y los victimarios suelen incurrir en problema legales, por lo que se requieren de políticas que intervengan en su prevención.
Bullying is frequent among students; it remains in force in educational institutions and is one of the worst experiences they can face. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze the types, causes, effects and prevention methods of bullying in children and adolescents. We worked under the qualitative paradigm, phenomenological method and documentary review technique. The results show the types of bullying, its causes, effects and prevention methods according to the selected authors. It is concluded that victims and perpetrators have family backgrounds that are associated with factors such as authoritarian, overprotective parents, presence of domestic violence and/or lack of communication. It was also shown that it is a problem that is difficult to detect, that its victims tend to fail at school and develop health disorders, and that the perpetrators tend to incur in legal problems, so that policies are required to intervene in its prevention.
Bullying is frequent among students; it remains in force in educational institutions and is one of the worst experiences they can face. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze the types, causes, effects and prevention methods of bullying in children and adolescents. We worked under the qualitative paradigm, phenomenological method and documentary review technique. The results show the types of bullying, its causes, effects and prevention methods according to the selected authors. It is concluded that victims and perpetrators have family backgrounds that are associated with factors such as authoritarian, overprotective parents, presence of domestic violence and/or lack of communication. It was also shown that it is a problem that is difficult to detect, that its victims tend to fail at school and develop health disorders, and that the perpetrators tend to incur in legal problems, so that policies are required to intervene in its prevention.
Description
Vol. 7, No. 29