Estrés, afrontamiento y autocuidado en mujeres docentes: Impacto del COVID-19
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Rev. Inv. Inf. Sal.
Abstract
Resumen: Introducción: En el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19, el bienestar del personal docente cobró especial relevancia debido a los drásticos cambios en las dinámicas laborales y personales, generando un entorno de alta demanda emocional, siendo las mujeres docentes quienes enfrentaron una mayor sobrecarga en sus responsabilidades. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo examinar la relación entre los niveles de estrés, los estilos de afrontamiento y el autocuidado en docentes mujeres de educación en Coahuila, México, en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19. Materiales y métodos: El estudio fue cuantitativo, de corte transversal y alcance correlacional en una muestra de 100 mujeres docentes, seleccionadas de manera no probabilística y por conveniencia, con una media de edad de 36 años (DE = 7,49), quienes reportaron dedicar en promedio 5,96 horas diarias frente a una pantalla por motivos laborales. Se emplearon dos instrumentos: el Perfil de Estrés de Kenneth M. Nowack y la Escala de Valoración de Agencia de Autocuidado (ASA). Se calcularon estadísticos descriptivos y se estimaron coeficientes de correlación de Pearson. Resultados: Los hallazgos muestran que, a mayor nivel de estrés, las docentes tienden a disminuir sus conductas de autocuidado y sus estrategias de afrontamiento, por otro lado, se encontró una relación positiva entre el autocuidado y estilos de afrontamiento que presentan las docentes. Discusión: El autocuidado resulta ser un factor protector clave frente al estrés y desempeña un papel esencial en las estrategias de afrontamiento que emplean las docentes. Fomentar el autocuidado puede contribuir significativamente a su bienestar físico y emocional, especialmente en contextos de alta demanda como el vivido durante la pandemia.
Abstract: Introduction: In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the well-being of teaching staff became especially relevant due to the drastic changes in work and personal dynamics, creating an environment of high emotional demand. Female teachers, in particular, faced a greater overload of responsibilities. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between stress levels, coping styles, and self-care among female education teachers in Coahuila, Mexico, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: This was a quantitative, cross-sectional, correlational study conducted with a non-probabilistic convenience sample of 100 female teachers, with a mean age of 36 years (SD = 7,49). Participants reported spending an average of 5,96 hours per day in front of a screen for work-related activities. Two instruments were used: Kenneth M. Nowack's Stress Profile and the Self-Care Agency Assessment Scale (ASA). Descriptive statistics were calculated, and Pearson correlation coefficients were estimated. Results: The findings show that higher stress levels are associated with a decrease in both self-care behaviors and coping strategies among teachers. Additionally, a positive relationship was found between self-care and the coping styles adopted by the participants. Discussion: Self-care proves to be a key protective factor against stress and plays an essential role in the coping strategies used by teachers. Promoting self-care may significantly contribute to their physical and emotional well-being, particularly in high-demand contexts such as those experienced during the pandemic.
Abstract: Introduction: In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the well-being of teaching staff became especially relevant due to the drastic changes in work and personal dynamics, creating an environment of high emotional demand. Female teachers, in particular, faced a greater overload of responsibilities. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between stress levels, coping styles, and self-care among female education teachers in Coahuila, Mexico, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: This was a quantitative, cross-sectional, correlational study conducted with a non-probabilistic convenience sample of 100 female teachers, with a mean age of 36 years (SD = 7,49). Participants reported spending an average of 5,96 hours per day in front of a screen for work-related activities. Two instruments were used: Kenneth M. Nowack's Stress Profile and the Self-Care Agency Assessment Scale (ASA). Descriptive statistics were calculated, and Pearson correlation coefficients were estimated. Results: The findings show that higher stress levels are associated with a decrease in both self-care behaviors and coping strategies among teachers. Additionally, a positive relationship was found between self-care and the coping styles adopted by the participants. Discussion: Self-care proves to be a key protective factor against stress and plays an essential role in the coping strategies used by teachers. Promoting self-care may significantly contribute to their physical and emotional well-being, particularly in high-demand contexts such as those experienced during the pandemic.
Description
Vol. 20, No. 48