Gestión participativa y su impacto en la planificación de proyectos territoriales
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Abstract
La gestión participativa es un enfoque donde todos los miembros de una organización o comunidad intervienen activamente en la toma de decisiones. En esta dirección, el objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar críticamente la evidencia existente sobre el impacto real de la gestión participativa en tres dimensiones fundamentales de los proyectos territoriales: su efectividad (logro de objetivos), su sostenibilidad (continuidad de beneficios en el tiempo) y su legitimidad (aceptación y percepción de justicia por parte de la comunidad). La investigación se desarrolló mediante una revisión sistemática bajo la metodología PRISMA 2020, con enfoque cuantitativo-descriptivo y diseño longitudinal retrospectivo (2000-2024). Se incluyeron en la investigación 32 estudios (2000-2024); 60% recientes, 78% latinoamericanos. El 45% analiza mecanismos operativos. Predominan casos de planificación urbana (36%), desarrollo rural (24%) y gestión ambiental (18%). Solo el 21% son estudios globales. Se confirma que la gestión participativa constituye un paradigma transformador para la planificación territorial, al potenciar simultáneamente efectividad, sostenibilidad y legitimidad mediante mecanismos adaptados a contextos específicos.
Participatory management is an approach where all members of an organization or community actively engage in decision-making. In this context, the research aimed to critically evaluate existing evidence on the real impact of participatory management in three fundamental dimensions of territorial projects: effectiveness (achievement of objectives), sustainability (continuity of benefits over time), and legitimacy (acceptance and perception of fairness by the community). The study was conducted through a systematic review following the PRISMA 2020 methodology, with a quantitative-descriptive focus and a retrospective longitudinal design (2000-2024). Thirty-two studies (2000-2024) were included; 60% recent, 78% Latin American. Forty-five percent analyze operational mechanisms. Cases of urban planning (36%), rural development (24%), and environmental management (18%) predominate. Only 21% are global studies. It is confirmed that participatory management is a transformative paradigm for territorial planning, simultaneously enhancing effectiveness, sustainability, and legitimacy through mechanisms adapted to specific contexts.
Participatory management is an approach where all members of an organization or community actively engage in decision-making. In this context, the research aimed to critically evaluate existing evidence on the real impact of participatory management in three fundamental dimensions of territorial projects: effectiveness (achievement of objectives), sustainability (continuity of benefits over time), and legitimacy (acceptance and perception of fairness by the community). The study was conducted through a systematic review following the PRISMA 2020 methodology, with a quantitative-descriptive focus and a retrospective longitudinal design (2000-2024). Thirty-two studies (2000-2024) were included; 60% recent, 78% Latin American. Forty-five percent analyze operational mechanisms. Cases of urban planning (36%), rural development (24%), and environmental management (18%) predominate. Only 21% are global studies. It is confirmed that participatory management is a transformative paradigm for territorial planning, simultaneously enhancing effectiveness, sustainability, and legitimacy through mechanisms adapted to specific contexts.
Description
Vol. 5, No. 11
Keywords
Desarrollo comunitario, Gestión de proyectos, Gestión participativa, Planificación urbana, Proyectos territoriales, Community development, Participatory management, Project management, Territorial projects, Urban planning, Desenvolvimento comunitário, Gestão de projetos, Gestão participativa, Planejamento urbano, Projetos territoriais